References
The peer-reviewed literature behind the statements on this site — surfaced from the Deep and Narrow IBD-unclassified literature RAG, verified against PubMed. Superscript numbers in the text link here.
- Lee SH, et al. Prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unclassified, as Estimated Using the Revised Porto Criteria, among Korean Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 2024;27:206-214. PMID 39035400
- Carvalho RS, et al. Indeterminate colitis: a significant subgroup of pediatric IBD. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2006;12:258-62. PMID 16633047
- Meucci G. What is the incidence, prevalence, and natural history of indeterminate colitis?. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008;14 Suppl 2:S159-60. PMID 18816765
- Thurgate LE, et al. An Overview of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unclassified in Children. Inflamm Intest Dis. 2019;4:97-103. PMID 31559261
- Chandradevan R, et al. Evolution of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unclassified (IBD-U): Incorporated With Serological and Gene Expression Profiles. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2018;24:2285-2290. PMID 29860529
- Zhou N, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease unclassified. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2011;12:280-6. PMID 21462383
- Shao Y, et al. Clinical features of inflammatory bowel disease unclassified: a case-control study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2024;24:105. PMID 38481157
- Matsui T, et al. Clinical features and pattern of indeterminate colitis: Crohn's disease with ulcerative colitis-like clinical presentation. J Gastroenterol. 2003;38:647-55. PMID 12898357
- Odze RD. A contemporary and critical appraisal of 'indeterminate colitis'. Mod Pathol. 2015;28 Suppl 1:S30-46. PMID 25560598
- Martland GT, Shepherd NA. Indeterminate colitis: definition, diagnosis, implications and a plea for nosological sanity. Histopathology. 2007;50:83-96. PMID 17204023
- Talbot IC. Indeterminate colitis: a pathologist's view. Dig Liver Dis. 2005;37:713-5. PMID 15919251
- Henriksen M, et al. Change of diagnosis during the first five years after onset of inflammatory bowel disease: results of a prospective follow-up study (the IBSEN Study). Scand J Gastroenterol. 2006;41:1037-43. PMID 16938716
- Burisch J, et al. Disease course of inflammatory bowel disease unclassified in a European population-based inception cohort: An Epi-IBD study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;34:996-1003. PMID 30562421
- Le Berre N, et al. Histological discrimination of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease from other types of colitis. J Clin Pathol. 1995;48:749-53. PMID 7560203
- Tontini GE, et al. Differential diagnosis in inflammatory bowel disease colitis: state of the art and future perspectives. World J Gastroenterol. 2015;21:21-46. PMID 25574078
- North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, et al. Differentiating ulcerative colitis from Crohn disease in children and young adults: report of a working group of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007;44:653-74. PMID 17460505
- Odze R. Diagnostic problems and advances in inflammatory bowel disease. Mod Pathol. 2003;16:347-58. PMID 12692200
- Guindi M, Riddell RH. Indeterminate colitis. J Clin Pathol. 2004;57:1233-44. PMID 15563659
- Papadakis KA, Targan SR. Serologic testing in inflammatory bowel disease: its value in indeterminate colitis. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 1999;1:482-5. PMID 10980990
- Kekilli M, et al. Atypical pANCA as a marker of indeterminate colitis for the prediction of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2013;125:279-82. PMID 23619641
- Sura SP, et al. Characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease serology in patients with indeterminate colitis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2014;48:351-5. PMID 24492405
- Geboes K, et al. Indeterminate colitis: a review of the concept--what's in a name?. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2008;14:850-7. PMID 18213696
- Venkateswaran N, Weismiller S, Clarke K. Indeterminate Colitis - Update on Treatment Options. J Inflamm Res. 2021;14:6383-6395. PMID 34876831
- Tremaine WJ. Is indeterminate colitis determinable?. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2012;14:162-5. PMID 22314810
- Geboes K, De Hertogh G. Indeterminate colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2003;9:324-31. PMID 14555917
- Sagar PM, Dozois RR, Wolff BG. Long-term results of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in patients with Crohn's disease. Dis Colon Rectum. 1996;39:893-8. PMID 8756845
- Kolbeinsson HM, et al. Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis (IPAA) for colitis; development of Crohn's and Pouchitis. Am J Surg. 2022;224:453-458. PMID 35086697
- Murrell ZA, et al. A prospective evaluation of the long-term outcome of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease-unclassified and indeterminate colitis. Dis Colon Rectum. 2009;52:872-8. PMID 19502850
- Emile SH, Gilshtein H, Wexner SD. Outcome of Ileal Pouch-anal Anastomosis in Patients With Indeterminate Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14:1010-1020. PMID 31912129
- Delaney CP, et al. Equivalent function, quality of life and pouch survival rates after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for indeterminate and ulcerative colitis. Ann Surg. 2002;236:43-8. PMID 12131084
- Brown CJ, et al. Crohn's disease and indeterminate colitis and the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis: outcomes and patterns of failure. Dis Colon Rectum. 2005;48:1542-9. PMID 15937625
- Rudolph WG, et al. Indeterminate colitis: the real story. Dis Colon Rectum. 2002;45:1528-34. PMID 12432302
- Hermand H, et al. Postoperative diagnostic revision for Crohn disease after subtotal colectomy for inflammatory bowel disease. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2021;36:709-715. PMID 33084950